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GARLIC
(Allium sativum)
Garlic
is an important bulbous vegetable believed to have been
originated in Central Asia.It has many medicinal properties.It
is a herbaceous annual (for bulb production). The underground
bulbs are cream in colour with or without pink tinge.
The compound bulb consists of 10-20 bulblets or segments
called cloves. These cloves are covered by a parchment
membrane. The uninjured bulb contains a colourless odourless
water soluble aminoacid called 'allin'.On crushing the
bulb,the enzyme 'allinase' acts on 'allin' to produce
'allicin'. The characteristic odour is due to diallyl
disulphide.
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Ooty-1,
G 50.
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Garlic requires cool and moist period during vegetative
growth and a dry spell during maturity of the bulbs.
Fertile, well-drained loamy soils are ideal for garlic
cultivation. Heavy clay soils may result in deformed
bulbs. In high ranges of Kerala garlic can be planted
during October-November.
Cloves or bulbils are used for propagation. For planting
one hectare, 500 kg of cloves is required. The cloves
for planting should be stored for 2-3 months after
harvest and cloves weighing 4 g are ideal for planting.
The cloves should be soaked in water followed by dipping
for 15 minutes in a solution containing 1 ml of dimecron
and 1 g of carbendazim dissolved in 1 litre of water
for 15 minutes. After drying in shade, cloves can
be used for planting.
Dig the land thoroughly and prepare beds of 15 cm
height at a width of 1 m and of convenient length.
The cloves should be dibbled at a spacing of 15 x
8 cm. Germination will start on the fifth day and
it will be completed within 10-15 days.
Earthing up should be done 60 DAP
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In
the initial stages of crop growth frequent irrigations
are given to encourage vegetative growth .i.e. once
in a week. Irrigation intervals are increased with crop
maturity and finally irrigation is with held.
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Apply N:P2O5: K2O @ 60:120:120 kg/ha 20 days after
transplanting (DAP). Topdressing of N should be done
@ 60 kg/ha, 45 DAP.
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Weeding
and hoeing are done as and when necessary. Being a closely
planted crop, inter cultural operation has to be done
with utmost care avoiding crop injury.
To control thrips and foliar nematode, spray 1 ml of
dimecron dissolved in 1 litre of water. To control blast,
spray mancozeb (2 g/litre).
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Not
Available
Harvesting
can be done 120-130 DAP.
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Not Available
Yield
may vary from 5-10 t/ha..
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