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CROP INFORMATION
CROP : BLACK GRAM (Vigna Mungo)
Black Gram belongs to family Leguminoseae
and sub family Papilionaceae. It is annual herb growing
to a height of 30-100 cm.Stem is slightly ridged and covered
with brown hairs. The leaves are large and trifoliate.
The inflorescence consists of a cluster of 5-6 flowers
at the top of a long hairy peduncle.Black Gram is a self
fertilised crop. Black gram may be grown as pure crop
in rice fallows after the harvest of the first or second
crop of paddy. It can also be grown as pure or mixed crop
during kharif season
Always use certified seeds. Seed treatment
with Thiram @ 2.5g per kg seed is recommended.Seeds should
be inoculated with suitable Rhizobium culture before sowing.
T-9, Co-2, S-1, TAU-2, TMV-1, KM-2 and
Syama
[Variety T-9 is moderately tolerant
to drought condition; TAU-2 is suited for partially
shaded condition in coconut garden during rabi season
in southern region; TMV-1 and KM-2 are suited for Onattukara
tract during late kharif; and Syama is suited for the
summer rice fallow of Onattukara]
Seed rate
For pure crop 20 kg/ha
For mixed crop 6 kg/ha
Sowing
Plough the land 2-3 times thoroughly and remove weeds
and stubbles. Spacing of 25 cm x 15 cm will give better
yield. For seed treatment in black gram, two Rhizobium
cultures viz. KAU-BG-2 and BG-12 are recommended.
For rainy season crop, good drainage is
required. In summer season, number and frequency of irrigation
depend upon the soil type and weather prevailing. From
flowering to pod development stage,there is need of sufficint
moisture in the field.
Manuring
FYM 20
t/ha (as basal)
Lime 250
kg/ha or dolomite 400 kg/ha
N 20
kg/ha
P2O5 30
kg/ha
K2O 30
kg/ha
Lime may be applied at the time of first
ploughing. Half the quantity of N, the whole of phosphorus
and potash are applied at the time of last ploughing.
The remaining 10 kg N can be applied as foliar spray
of 2% urea solution in two equal doses on the 15th and
30th day after sowing.
One or two hand weeding should be done
up to40 days of sowing depending upon the weed intensity.
Apply carbaryl 0.15% suspension, if pests
are observed in serious proportions.
Black Gram should be harvested when most
of the pods turn black. If harvesting is delayed, it may
result in shattering. Harvested crop is dried on threshing
floor for few days and then threshed.
Grain yield 1.5-2 tons/ha
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